SpringBoot集成文件 - 集成POI之Excel导入导出

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SpringBoot集成文件 - 集成POI之Excel导入导出

Apache POI 是用Java编写的免费开源的跨平台的 Java API,Apache POI提供API给Java程序对Microsoft Office格式档案读和写的功能。本文主要介绍通过SpringBoot集成POI工具实现Excel的导入和导出功能。@pdai

知识准备

需要了解POI工具,以及POI对Excel中的对象的封装对应关系。

什么是POI

Apache POI 是用Java编写的免费开源的跨平台的 Java API,Apache POI提供API给Java程序对Microsoft Office格式档案读和写的功能。POI为“Poor Obfuscation Implementation”的首字母缩写,意为“简洁版的模糊实现”。

Apache POI 是创建和维护操作各种符合Office Open XML(OOXML)标准和微软的OLE 2复合文档格式(OLE2)的Java API。用它可以使用Java读取和创建,修改MS Excel文件.而且,还可以使用Java读取和创建MS Word和MSPowerPoint文件。更多请参考官方文档 在新窗口打开open in new window

POI中基础概念

生成xls和xlsx有什么区别?POI对Excel中的对象的封装对应关系?

生成xls和xlsx有什么区别呢? XLSXLSX只能打开xls格式,无法直接打开xlsx格式可以直接打开xls、xlsx格式只有65536行、256列可以有1048576行、16384列占用空间大占用空间小,运算速度也会快一点POI对Excel中的对象的封装对应关系如下: ExcelPOI XLSPOI XLSX(Excel 2007+)Excel 文件HSSFWorkbook (xls)XSSFWorkbook(xlsx)Excel 工作表HSSFSheetXSSFSheetExcel 行HSSFRowXSSFRowExcel 单元格HSSFCellXSSFCellExcel 单元格样式HSSFCellStyleHSSFCellStyleExcel 颜色HSSFColorXSSFColorExcel 字体HSSFFontXSSFFont

实现案例

这里展示SpringBoot集成POI导出用户列表的和导入用户列表的例子。

Pom依赖

引入poi的依赖包

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
        <artifactId>poi</artifactId>
        <version>5.2.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
        <artifactId>poi-ooxml</artifactId>
        <version>5.2.2</version>
    </dependency>

导出Excel

UserController中导出的方法

    @ApiOperation("Download Excel")
    @GetMapping("/excel/download")
    public void download(HttpServletResponse response) {
        try {
            SXSSFWorkbook workbook = userService.generateExcelWorkbook();
            response.reset();
            response.setContentType("application/vnd.ms-excel");
            response.setHeader("Content-disposition",
                    "attachment;filename=user_excel_" + System.currentTimeMillis() + ".xlsx");
            OutputStream os = response.getOutputStream();
            workbook.write(os);
            workbook.dispose();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

UserServiceImple中导出Excel的主方法

    private static final int POSITION_ROW = 1;
    private static final int POSITION_COL = 1;

    /** * @return SXSSFWorkbook */
    @Override
    public SXSSFWorkbook generateExcelWorkbook() {
        SXSSFWorkbook workbook = new SXSSFWorkbook();
        Sheet sheet = workbook.createSheet();

        int rows = POSITION_ROW;
        int cols = POSITION_COL;

        // 表头
        Row head = sheet.createRow(rows++);
        String[] columns = new String[]{"ID", "Name", "Email", "Phone", "Description"};
        int[] colWidths = new int[]{2000, 3000, 5000, 5000, 8000};
        CellStyle headStyle = getHeadCellStyle(workbook);
        for (int i = 0; i < columns.length; ++i) {
            sheet.setColumnWidth(cols, colWidths[i]);
            addCellWithStyle(head, cols++, headStyle).setCellValue(columns[i]);
        }

        // 表内容
        CellStyle bodyStyle = getBodyCellStyle(workbook);
        for (User user : getUserList()) {
            cols = POSITION_COL;
            Row row = sheet.createRow(rows++);
            addCellWithStyle(row, cols++, bodyStyle).setCellValue(user.getId());
            addCellWithStyle(row, cols++, bodyStyle).setCellValue(user.getUserName());
            addCellWithStyle(row, cols++, bodyStyle).setCellValue(user.getEmail());
            addCellWithStyle(row, cols++, bodyStyle).setCellValue(String.valueOf(user.getPhoneNumber()));
            addCellWithStyle(row, cols++, bodyStyle).setCellValue(user.getDescription());
        }
        return workbook;
    }

    private Cell addCellWithStyle(Row row, int colPosition, CellStyle cellStyle) {
        Cell cell = row.createCell(colPosition);
        cell.setCellStyle(cellStyle);
        return cell;
    }

    private List<User> getUserList() {
        return Collections.singletonList(User.builder()
                .id(1L).userName("pdai").email("pdai@pdai.tech").phoneNumber(121231231231L)
                .description("hello world")
                .build());
    }

    private CellStyle getHeadCellStyle(Workbook workbook) {
        CellStyle style = getBaseCellStyle(workbook);

        // fill
        style.setFillForegroundColor(IndexedColors.GREY_25_PERCENT.getIndex());
        style.setFillPattern(FillPatternType.SOLID_FOREGROUND);

        return style;
    }

    private CellStyle getBodyCellStyle(Workbook workbook) {
        return getBaseCellStyle(workbook);
    }

    private CellStyle getBaseCellStyle(Workbook workbook) {
        CellStyle style = workbook.createCellStyle();

        // font
        Font font = workbook.createFont();
        font.setBold(true);
        style.setFont(font);

        // align
        style.setAlignment(HorizontalAlignment.CENTER);
        style.setVerticalAlignment(VerticalAlignment.TOP);

        // border
        style.setBorderBottom(BorderStyle.THIN);
        style.setBottomBorderColor(IndexedColors.BLACK.getIndex());
        style.setBorderLeft(BorderStyle.THIN);
        style.setLeftBorderColor(IndexedColors.BLACK.getIndex());
        style.setBorderRight(BorderStyle.THIN);
        style.setRightBorderColor(IndexedColors.BLACK.getIndex());
        style.setBorderTop(BorderStyle.THIN);
        style.setTopBorderColor(IndexedColors.BLACK.getIndex());

        return style;
    }

导出后的excel如下

springboot-file-excel-poi-2.png
springboot-file-excel-poi-2.png

导入Excel

我们将上面导出的excel文件导入。

UserController中导入的方法

    @ApiOperation("Upload Excel")
    @PostMapping("/excel/upload")
    public ResponseResult<String> upload(@RequestParam(value = "file", required = true) MultipartFile file) {
        try {
            userService.upload(file.getInputStream());
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            return ResponseResult.fail(e.getMessage());
        }
        return ResponseResult.success();
    }

UserServiceImple中导入Excel的主方法

    @Override
    public void upload(InputStream inputStream) throws IOException {
        XSSFWorkbook book = new XSSFWorkbook(inputStream);
        XSSFSheet sheet = book.getSheetAt(0);
        // add some validation here

        // parse data
        int cols;
        for (int i = POSITION_ROW; i < sheet.getLastRowNum(); i++) {
            XSSFRow row = sheet.getRow(i + 1); // 表头不算
            cols = POSITION_COL;
            User user = User.builder()
                    .id(getCellLongValue(row.getCell(cols++)))
                    .userName(getCellStringValue(row.getCell(cols++)))
                    .email(getCellStringValue(row.getCell(cols++)))
                    .phoneNumber(Long.parseLong(getCellStringValue(row.getCell(cols++))))
                    .description(getCellStringValue(row.getCell(cols++)))
                    .build();
            log.info(user.toString());
        }

        book.close();
    }

    private String getCellStringValue(XSSFCell cell) {
        try {
            if (null!=cell) {
                return String.valueOf(cell.getStringCellValue());
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            return String.valueOf(getCellIntValue(cell));
        }
        return "";
    }

    private long getCellLongValue(XSSFCell cell) {
        try {
            if (null!=cell) {
                return Long.parseLong("" + (long) cell.getNumericCellValue());
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return 0L;
    }

    private int getCellIntValue(XSSFCell cell) {
        try {
            if (null!=cell) {
                return Integer.parseInt("" + (int) cell.getNumericCellValue());
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return 0;
    }

通过PostMan进行接口测试

springboot-file-excel-poi-1.png 执行接口后,后台的日志如下

    2022-06-10 21:36:01.720  INFO 15100 --- [nio-8080-exec-2] t.p.s.f.e.p.s.impl.UserServiceImpl       : User(id=1, userName=pdai, email=pdai@pdai.tech, phoneNumber=121231231231, description=hello world)

示例源码

https://github.com/realpdai/tech-pdai-spring-demos

参考文章

https://poi.apache.org/index.html

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贡献者: javatodo